The Maat Center organized yesterday as part of its project calling for spreading a culture of community peace, two sessions of discussion on guarantees of protection of freedoms and community peace a year after the constitutional amendments, and the future of peace in the region 29 years after the signing of the peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, and the speakers of the two sessions agreed on the impact of amendments to the constitution and their danger to peace Societal while ignoring any considerations regarding the safety of personal and public freedoms, and the danger of ignoring the amendment of the peace agreement with Israel due to the lack of compatibility of its provisions and the exceptional circumstances that the eastern borders of Egypt pass through, as well as because it has not achieved any progress in Arab-Israeli peace relations.

In the first session on the peace agreement, Dr. Gad Taha, professor of contemporary history in the literature of Ain Shams, said that the Egyptian army had successfully accomplished its mission in the wars of attrition and October, and seized its occupied land from Israel, and its political leadership entered into disengagement negotiations before the historic visit to Jerusalem to talk about Egypt's intentions in The sovereignty of peace based on security and justice in the region, and the agreement was signed in complex political circumstances during which the Western world seemed to agree to strike the Arabs and Egypt in favor of Israel. However, the agreement was signed after direct American intervention in the negotiations, and in the long term it believes that it achieved Israel's interests in building relations With the countries that were rejecting it, but placed restrictions on Egypt, its relations with its sisters narrowed and ended with the emptying of Sinai from the Egyptian forces, and he warned of a Western attack on the research and human rights centers supporting the Palestinian cause to repeat the tragedy of the Zayed Center of the Arab League, which stopped its activities after the occupation of Iraq amid Arab silence Ali lost the area his research efforts.

Dr. Assem El-Desouki, a professor of contemporary history in the literature of Helwan, denied the existence of any feasibility for a peace agreement with Israel, stressing that the political leadership at the time excluded any talk about the Palestinian right, contrary to what was rumored that the Palestinians were the ones who left the negotiating table, and said that peace in the region remained under threat after 29 years of The agreement is the result of Israel’s insistence on striking stability, not establishing a Palestinian state and respecting state’s sovereignty over its territories. As for the social and economic negatives it has represented in exporting subsidized gas to Israel without a fair global price, in exchange for importing carcinogenic food and full economic normalization through a free trade agreement, with the Israeli flag being raised in Cairo as a symbol To represent its government and establish factories and companies for it in Egypt, while controlling a number of writers and journalists promoting the idea of normalization within their institutions.

Dr. Mahmoud Abdel-Zahir, an expert in Israeli strategic affairs, confirmed the absence of the concept of peace from the Israeli collective mind to the point that the Israelis forgot the agreement and remained in fighting with the Palestinians and the Lebanese and refused to leave the occupied Syrian Golan. He said that 40 % of QIZ factory products come from Israel and confirmed by a report discussed by the Knesset. Weeks ago, he also warned of an Israeli plan to settle the Palestinians in Sinai in exchange for a border strip of Egypt in the Negev desert, and demanded that the Egyptian government fill the void with 5 million people and cultivate their lands and distribute them to youth in order to ward off the risks of unemployment on the inner peace of society and protect the country from the threat of invasion, as the historians demanded Rehabilitating the Egyptian forces, which were rumored to have received instructions to stand at certain borders in Sinai with which their liberation plan is not complete, and he reiterated the academic researchers' demands for the return of the activities of the Zayed Center of the Arab League to support the Palestinian cause and the idea of peace with its neutral scientific studies.

And in the second session on guarantees for the protection of freedoms and community peace after a year of constitutional amendments.

Dr. Fathi Fikry, Professor of Constitutional Law, said that the amendments to the 1971 Constitution in 1980, 2005 and 2007 greatly increased the powers of the President of the Republic at the expense of the People's Assembly, and granted him the right to dissolve Parliament without a referendum. The powers of the Prime Minister were also stripped of the Prime Minister’s powers to become Chairman of Parliament meetings only without issuing Decisions, and he denied that the current constitution is a copy of the French constitution, whose amendments have achieved 12 times the interests of the French people, and stressed that the amendments to Article 76 reduced the number of presidential candidates to only 6 candidates, with the need for the candidate to obtain the recommendation of 65 deputies, apart from a number of members of local councils, and said that Electoral capacity is absent from the articles of the constitution and left to the law to grant government candidates entry to parliament. As for the immunity of representatives of the Shura Council, it violates the principle of equality due to the lack of a legislative role for it and the inclusion of former ministers and chief editors of national newspapers under its umbrella.

He added that the Supreme Elections Committee alone in the electoral process and immunization of its decisions from veto and unconstitutionality constitutes an assault on the powers of the judiciary and explicitly violates the text of Article 68 of the Constitution, which is subject to appeal before the judiciary, while Article 179 of the Constitution violates international conventions affirming the independence of the judiciary because it creates a model New to the exceptional judiciary and allows referring civilians to the military judiciary and emergency courts that have not been cut off from the country more than a quarter of a century ago, and affirmed that the “master of his decision” depends on the parliament’s respect for the law and does not allow him to accept a deputy who is challenged against the legality of his election, and he demanded to get rid of the current constitution and its amendments at the earliest opportunity To ensure the progress of the Egyptian people, their safety and security and protect the stability of their society.

Dr. Imad Al-Fiqi, Professor of Criminal Law, revealed the violation of the system of international conventions by giving priority to his exceptional judiciary over the normal and maintaining the party court, and he warned against more terrorist operations resulting from poverty and the suppression of freedoms, stressing the adequacy of the legal criminal procedures and penalties to deter criminals and those with dangerous activity on public security, stressing that the law Terrorism protected by Article 179 of the Constitution violates Articles 41, 44 and 45 thereof, apart from the Constitutional Court's denial of opinion on it and the referral of those accused of its articles to military courts and equalizing their intentions with committing actual crimes, in a manner that confirms that Egypt is afflicting the laws whose mission is to preserve the interest of the system at the expense of the people.

George Ishaq, the former general coordinator of the Kifaya movement, said that the constitution and the law are not heard about by the combatants over the loaf of bread, and said that “Kifaya” was the only one who publicly rejected the amendments to the constitution last year and in 2005, denying that there was a difference between the referendum systems on the presidential candidate and his election after the exclusion of judicial supervision. The elections and the suppression of the right of citizens to enter the local councils through which the process of preparing the presidential candidate passes, despite the violation of international conventions, and added that the judiciary for an administrator is still considering the movement’s appeal to the referendum on amending Article 76 despite its acceptance of the Judges Club’s reports, stressing that the Shura Council has become a place to protect the persecuted Before the judiciary with their unjustified immunity inside it.

George reiterated the movement’s demands for a transitional phase in the rule of Egypt for a period of two years during which it would witness the formation of a founding body for a new constitution and a ministry that would gather all national forces before the holding of parliamentary and presidential elections in their presence, describing reform as a notorious word with the country’s need for change as a slogan for the current historical phase, and denying the succession of the rule. In it, the balance of forces within the same power apparatus will change with the approaching national consensus on regime change.

The attendees agreed on the necessity of giving priority to justifications for making community peace through fair laws and a constitution, away from the political calculations of the government or the opposition. They also demanded that any laws be proposed to a serious and real community dialogue and that full judicial supervision of the general elections be restored to ensure their integrity.