{"id":23290,"date":"2017-11-04T12:40:52","date_gmt":"2017-11-04T10:40:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maatpeace.org\/?p=23290"},"modified":"2022-07-23T18:07:53","modified_gmt":"2022-07-23T16:07:53","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maatpeace.org\/en\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88\/","title":{"rendered":"The second report on monitoring procedures and the environment surrounding the electoral process"},"content":{"rendered":"

100 days before the presidential elections officially start <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

An analysis of the legislative, political, economic and security contexts\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Presidential Election Observatory, Maat Foundation<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0Egypt 2018<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Executive summary<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Almost a hundred days separate Egyptians from the most important and prominent political event, which is the presidential elections, which will be officially launched on February 8, 2018 in accordance with the governing constitutional framework, and although the features and nature of the electoral competition have not yet taken shape on the ground, and none of the parties that people look to have announced As potential candidates - including the current president, Mr. Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi - he is determined to enter the electoral competition, but there are institutional developments and popular movements that reveal a side of the expected nature of this competition.<\/p>\n

In this context, the Presidential Election Observatory of the Maat Foundation issues "Egypt 2018" His second report on the follow-up of procedures and the environment surrounding the electoral process<\/a> Which deals with the institutional legal arrangements and the political and popular positions a hundred days before the official start of the electoral process, as the report reviews the current constitutional and legal reality, which has not undergone any amendment except by the approval of the National Election Authority Law and the issuance of the President's decision to form it from members of judicial bodies in accordance with what is stipulated In the constitution and the law, the report also deals with the emergency law, which has been extended for a third period that ends about a month before the start of the presidential elections, in the context of the legal measures taken by the Egyptian authorities to combat terrorism, whose organizations are active on the Egyptian scene after the 30th revolution. June 2013, and during the past four years, a wide range of crimes have been committed that have affected the economic, political and social climate in Egypt, killing hundreds of Egyptians, including policemen, the army, and civilians.<\/p>\n

The report raises the issue of the absence of an official announcement from potential heavyweight candidates in the street despite the existence of popular campaigns that have a party back and political momentum to demand the current president to run, other campaigns that adopt a opposing viewpoint, and hints from close associates of former presidential candidates or senior officials in the successive regimes The country after January 25, 2011 indicates their intention to run, but without explicit announcement by any of them, in exchange for the initiative of unpopular names to announce their candidacy for the presidential post.<\/p>\n

Initial follow-up to the current situation 100 days before the presidential elections indicates that the current constitutional and legal environment provides a competitive framework and does not create obstacles to the establishment of free and fair elections under the supervision and management of an independent body and members of judicial bodies in full. Even with the application of the emergency law, it has not been documented - until Now - any cases to use it to disrupt the procedures of a potential candidate or a campaign for a particular candidate, but nevertheless, the atmosphere of the electoral competition from its political perspective seems not yet prominent and is not consistent with the imminent launch of the process officially, so previous electoral experiences in Egypt or even internationally recognized say that One hundred days before the elections, the potential candidates will have settled their positions, and the political and popular forces have announced their positions, but this has not happened in Egypt so far.<\/p>\n

Also, from another angle, despite the formation of the National Elections Commission, but it did not complete its institutional building until the issuance of this report, as its executive body was not formed, did not settle on a permanent headquarters for it, and it did not announce the administrative, organizational and financial regulations governing its work, which constitutes a great challenge. With the electoral process approaching.<\/p>\n

During the past period, the Observatory has followed up on several initiatives and popular campaigns under the title of supporting President Sisi in exchange for the announcement of one opposition campaign led by the political activist Mamdouh Hamza, and despite the divergence of opinions and the political and legal evaluation of these campaigns, we have noticed that some executives support some of President Sisi's campaigns Meanwhile, we observed that some officials also refused to respond to the representatives and coordinators of these campaigns.<\/p>\n

At the party level, the parties are divided between the applicable support for the current president and opposition to the existing policies without presenting an alternative candidate who adopts policies compatible with the ideology and vision of these parties, and unlike the Reform and Development Party that supports the potential candidate Muhammad Anwar Sadat, the rest of the opposition parties did not benefit from the appropriate legal environment. To operate and increase its numbers to reach 104 parties in an alliance with one or more competing candidates.<\/p>\n

The current economic conditions are expected to play a role in the electoral process through their impact on the candidates' programs or on the chances of the most prominent potential candidate, the current president, Mr. Abdel Fattah El-Sisi, who stood up to a financial reform program that was supported and appreciated by international financial institutions, but which led to high inflation rates and a decrease in purchasing power. Government spending has put pressure on public services and reduced the subsidies that the state has allocated to some basic goods and services for decades.<\/p>\n

In addition, the security situation may also play a role in the upcoming elections, especially in light of the growing terrorist threat and the security confrontation of terrorist and takfiri organizations that operate in the North Sinai border region, and have recently been active in the Western Sahara, driven by the tension in Libya.<\/p>\n

The current legislative reality for the Egyptian presidential elections <\/strong><\/p>\n

First, the laws governing the presidential elections<\/strong><\/p>\n

Presidential elections are conducted according to several laws that are consistent with the articles of the 2014 constitution, chief among them is the National Elections Authority Law 198 of 2017, which is the body primarily responsible for overseeing and following up all stages of the electoral process, taking into account the provisions of the Law on Organizing Presidential Elections promulgated No. 22 of 2014, which is the law that It has not yet been amended to coincide with the establishment of the National Election Commission that replaced the Presidential Elections Commission, as well as the Law on the Exercise of Political Rights No. 45 of 2014, as amended by Law No. 92 of 2015, and the following is a review of the aspects regulated by these laws and the governing articles in the Egyptian constitution:<\/p>\n